#Topcat metrology pdf#

238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2.230000000414 obstructive Effects 0.000 claims description 4.Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) Filing date Publication date Application filed by F Miller filed Critical F Miller Priority to US00346315A priority Critical patent/US3857364A/en Application granted granted Critical Publication of US3857364A publication Critical patent/US3857364A/en Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current Links Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Expired - Lifetime Application number US00346315A Inventor F Miller Original Assignee F Miller Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion.

#Topcat metrology pdf#

Google Patents Adjustable animal maze deviceДownload PDF Info Publication number US3857364A US3857364A US00346315A US34631573A US3857364A US 3857364 A US3857364 A US 3857364A US 00346315 A US00346315 A US 00346315A US 34631573 A US34631573 A US 34631573A US 3857364 A US3857364 A US 3857364A Authority US United States Prior art keywords maze posts floor unit support holes Prior art date Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion.

Google Patents US3857364A - Adjustable animal maze device Systematic differences between forelimb and hindlimb MT must be taken into account when such assessments are performed.US3857364A - Adjustable animal maze device The findings provide evidence that lame sows experience hyperalgesia. The hand-held probe systematically yielded lower values than the actuator ( PВ <В 0.001), and the MT differed between morning and afternoon testing sessions ( PВ <В 0.001), as well as between days ( PВ <В 0.001). Forelimbs had higher MTs than hindlimbs ( PВ <В 0.001). The MT was defined as the force in Newtons (N) that elicited an avoidance response, and this parameter was found to be lower in limbs affected by lameness than in normal limbs ( PВ <В 0.05). Over three testing sessions, repeated measurements were taken at 5В min intervals on the dorsal aspects of the metatarsi and metacarpi of all limbs.

Twenty-eight pregnant sows were investigated, of which 14 were moderately lame and 14 were not lame. In this study a mechanical nociception threshold (MT) test was used (1) to determine if hyperalgesia occurs in sows with naturally-occurring lameness (2) to compare measurements obtained with a hand-held probe and a limb-mounted actuator connected to a digital algometer and (3) to investigate the systematic left-to-right and cranial-to-caudal differences in MT. Lameness is a frequently occurring, painful condition of breeding sows that may result in hyperalgesia, i.e., an increased sensitivity to pain.